By Syd S. Peng

November 25, 2025 - President Trump continues to zero in on Russian energy to bring Vladimir Putin to the negotiating table. The administration has targeted Russian oil and gas giants with new sanctions and placed tariffs on U.S. trading partners buying Russian oil. But if President Trump wants the war in Ukraine to finally come to an end, he needs to target Russian coal.

So far, sanctions against Russian energy sales have not done enough to stop Putin from continuing the brutal war, but a targeted campaign to eliminate the market for Russia’s huge coal exports could make a difference. Russia’s coal industry is already under intense pressure since it lost European buyers, but it has been able to export coal to countries elsewhere in the world, mainly Asia.

Russian coal exports are contributing $31 billion a year to its war budget, primarily from sales to five countries that are either allies or trading partners of the United States — China, India, South Korea, Taiwan and Turkey. Remarkably, Russian coal exports are now more valuable than Russian pipeline oil and natural gas exports.

While convincing China to reduce its import of Russian coal is a tall order, the four other largest buyers are either close allies or major trading partners looking to secure favorable trade deals with the U.S. The Trump administration holds the cards. Lower U.S. tariffs could be negotiated for swapping Russian coal imports with greater imports of U.S. coal. The U.S. coal industry, already a major exporter to all four countries, has the capacity to displace Russian exports.

The logic for zeroing in on coal sales is simple: Not only is it a significant source of foreign currency for the Kremlin, but Russia’s coal industry is on an economic precipice. Cracks are starting to show on Russia’s wartime economy, as sanctions, rising costs and weak energy prices are having deep economic repercussions. Russia’s coal industry employs more than 140,000 people and remains critical in some regions, both as a source of jobs and funding for local budgets.

Historically, unrest in Russia’s coal regions has been calamitous for Moscow. In 1989, large miners’ strikes swept across the Soviet Union, a critical catalyst for the USSR’s final collapse.

A U.S. campaign to tighten the screws on the Russian coal industry would almost certainly produce serious political problems for Putin’s leadership.

The war has gone on for far too long. If using U.S. trade leverage to cripple Russian coal exports could shorten the war by even a week, it’s a tool the Trump administration should use. For the president, it could deliver the peace he seeks and provide a boon to an industry he deeply supports.

The idea of using tariffs to correct a problem like military aggression is an old one with wide political support. But it is our unique political moment, combined with the populist appeal of dividends for American miners, that could turn the concept into reality. This strategy is pro-peace, pro-competitiveness and pro-working class, which aligns perfectly with President Trump’s stated agenda.

Syd S. Peng is the Charles E Lawall Chair of Mining Engineering emeritus in the Department of Mining Engineering at West Virginia University.